What it is
A hysterectomy removes the uterus. Periods stop and pregnancy is no longer possible.
The ovaries are separate. They come out only if there is a reason, and you decide that beforehand.
Most are done through the vagina or through small cuts in the belly. A larger cut is used when the uterus is too big to come out another way.
Why it is done
- Heavy bleeding that has not settled with medication, an IUD or ablation
- Fibroids large enough to cause pain, pressure or bleeding
- Endometriosis or adenomyosis with pain that keeps returning
- A uterus that has dropped into the vagina
- Precancerous cells in the lining of the uterus
- Pelvic pain traced to the uterus after other causes are ruled out
What happens, step by step
- 1
The consult
Dr. Mueller goes over your imaging, your biopsy results and the options.
- 2
Pre-op workup
Bloodwork, and clearance from another doctor if you have other conditions.
- 3
Day of surgery
You arrive at the hospital, meet the anesthesiologist and go to sleep.
- 4
The operation
The uterus is detached and taken out. If the cervix goes too, the top of the vagina is closed.
- 5
Recovery room
You wake up within about an hour, and most patients go home that day.
- 6
Follow-up visits
Seen at two weeks, then again at six before lifting is cleared.
Questions people ask
- Will I go into menopause?
- Not if the ovaries stay. Periods stop, but the ovaries keep making hormones. For some women that ends a year or two earlier than it would have.
- Can I keep my ovaries?
- Usually yes. Before menopause, keeping them is the default unless there is a reason to take them out.
- How bad is the pain afterward?
- Sore for about a week, worst on days two and three. Most people are off prescription pain medication within a few days.
- Does sex change afterward?
- Wait six weeks for the top of the vagina to heal. After that most people notice no difference.
- Does the cervix come out too?
- Usually. Leaving it means a shorter operation, but light bleeding can continue. Dr. Mueller decides that with you beforehand.

